The Effects of Calcium and Sulfur Fertilizers Accompanied by Different Side Elements on the Growth and Cd Uptake of Spinacia oleracea Grown in Cd-Contaminated Alkaline Soil

The detoxification of crops grown in Cadmium (Cd)-contaminated acid soil has been widely studied, but for contaminated alkaline soil, there is still inadequate research or information. In order to investigate the effects calcium and sulfur fertilizers, accompanied by different side elements, on growth Cd uptake Spinacia oleracea Cd-contaminated plants were subjected five treatments, including silicate (Ca-Si), biphosphate (Ca-P), magnesium sulfate (S-Mg), ferric (S-Fe), zinc (S-Zn), a control group. results showed that S-Fe achieved highest shoot fresh mass dry concentration accumulation, which 30%, 68%, 4.6%, 73% higher than group, respectively. Ca-Si, Ca-P, S-Mg, S-Zn reduced root 18%, 42%, 7%, 49%, respectively, 25%, 36%, 15%, 27%, as compared control. increases plant N photosynthesis, beneficial biomass accumulation. Ca-P improves P nutrition status, well K Ca helps alleviate stress. Overall, fertilizers phosphorus have potential reduce contamination risk, while iron show enhancing extraction.